ION EXCHANGE RESIN
Traditionally, water softeners replace
the minerals in hard water with sodium using a process called ion exchange. In
this process, the hardness ions are exchanged for sodium ions. There are two
tanks inside this type of water softener. One contains resin beads, while the
other holds salt and a liquid brine. Water passes through the resin tank, and
the positively charged ions in the water are drawn to the negatively charged
resin beads. Ion-exchange devices reduce the hardness of the water by replacing
magnesium and calcium (Mg2+ and Ca2+) with sodium or potassium ions (Na+ and
K+), thus making the water soft. Kelvin Water Technologies Pvt Ltd is the right
place to contact for best quality watersoftener plants.
Lime Softening
Chemical precipitation is one of
the common methods used to soften water.
Normally used chemical for this purpose is Lime. Lime softening is the process
in which lime is added to hard water to make it softer. The process is also
effective at removing a variety of microorganisms and dissolved organic matter
by flocculation. It has several
advantages over the ion-exchange method but is mainly suited to commercial
treatment applications.
Chelating agents
We at Kelvin, at times also use chelating agents to soften the
hard water. Water softener Chelators are small molecules
that bind positively to any metal ions. Chelators can bind with any metal ions
specially calcium and magnesium in a given solution. Such binding prevents
these minerals from forming insoluble precipitates on the surface of our shower
walls. Some chelators are
simple molecules that can be easily manufactured (e.g., ethylene diamine tetra
acetic acid; EDTA). Others are complex proteins made by living organisms. Chelators
are used in chemical analysis, as water softeners, and are ingredients in many
commercial products such as shampoos and food preservatives.
Reverse osmosis
RO removes the contaminants and
minerals in the water by using a filter. For softening water, special membranes
are required in RO system which contain inbuilt pores large enough to admit water
molecules to pass. Membranes are a type of water filter requiring regular
cleaning or replacement maintenance. In the membrane, the hardness ions such as
calcium and magnesium remain behind and they get flushed out into a drain by
excess water. The result is supply of
soft water which is free of hardness ions without any other ions being added.
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